Different ways of configuring Hive metastore
There are several ways to configure the Hive metastore, including:
- Using a local metastore database: This involves installing a local database such as MySQL or PostgreSQL and configuring Hive to use it as the metastore.
- Using a remote metastore database: This involves installing a database on a separate server and configuring Hive to use it as the metastore.
- Using a managed metastore service: Cloud providers such as AWS and Azure offer managed Hive metastore services that take care of configuration and management of the metastore.
- Using a shared metastore: If you have multiple Hive instances, you can configure them to use a shared metastore, which allows them to share metadata across instances.
- Using a custom metastore: If you have specific requirements that are not met by the default metastore, you can implement a custom metastore by extending the Hive metastore API.
Sure, here are some examples of how to configure Hive metastore using the different methods:
- Using
a local metastore database: If you want to use MySQL as your local
metastore database, you can install MySQL and create a database for the
metastore. Then, you can configure Hive to use the local database by
modifying the hive-site.xml configuration file. Here's an example of the
configuration:
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value> </property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>root</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>password</value>
</property>
- Using a remote metastore database: Let's say you want to use a PostgreSQL database on a remote server as your metastore. First, you would need to create the database and grant access to the Hive user. Then, you can modify the hive-site.xml configuration file to point to the remote database. Here's an example:
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:postgresql://remote-server:5432/metastore</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>org.postgresql.Driver</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>hive</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>password</value>
</property>
- Using a managed metastore service: If you're using AWS, you can use the AWS Glue Data Catalog as your managed metastore. To do this, you would need to create a Glue Data Catalog and grant access to your Hive cluster. Then, you can modify the hive-site.xml configuration file to point to the Glue Data Catalog. Here's an example:
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
<value>thrift://glue-data-catalog.amazonaws.com:9083</value>
</property>
- Using a shared metastore: Let's say you have two Hive instances running on separate servers and you want them to share the same metastore. You can do this by configuring both instances to use the same database and schema for the metastore. Here's an example configuration for both instances:
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://shared-server:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value> </property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>hive</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>password</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name> <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
</property>
- Using a custom metastore: If you have specific requirements that are not
To use a custom metastore in Hive, you would need to implement the metastore API and provide your own implementation for storing and retrieving metadata. Here's a general overview of the steps involved:
- Implement the metastore API: The metastore API defines the interface for storing and retrieving metadata in Hive. You would need to implement this API to provide your own storage solution for metadata.
- Package your custom metastore: Once you have implemented the metastore API, you would need to package your implementation as a JAR file.
- Configure Hive to use the custom metastore: To use the custom metastore, you would need to modify the hive-site.xml configuration file to point to your JAR file and specify the name of your custom metastore implementation class. Here's an example of the configuration:
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
<value>thrift://localhost:9083</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
<value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>password</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.rawstore.impl</name> <value>com.example.MyCustomMetastore</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.metadb.dir</name>
<value>/user/hive/metastore_db</value>
</property>
- Deploy and test the custom metastore: Once you have configured Hive to use your custom metastore, you would need to deploy the JAR file to your Hive environment and test the metastore to ensure that it is working correctly.
